Social Virtues
Buddhist social ethics include the paramitas,
literally 'the ultimate infinities'. They are sometimes
called the 'Godly-virtues' or how to live like a God in a
world of finite beings in the grip of the Three Poisons,
Ignorance, Hatred and Greed.
The term was Brahmavihara, Brahma being the highest god
conceived of at that time, remembering that the Buddha
Dharma of Shakyamuni was started 500 years before
Christianity and about 1400 years before Islam. These two
religions are no left out intentionally, but it is simply
impossible to mention something that hasn't come into
existence as yet. Modern Buddhists do include our Christian
and Moslem brothers and sisters in our reckoning, however.
Thus the Godly virtues mentioned below are currently
thought to include the 'godly' of these two great faiths as
well.
As will be seen, the great religions of the world are much
in agreement about 'Godly virtues'. They give us a way to
live in the mundane world while maintaining our ties to an
ultimate 'other' and even giving expression to that
connection both personally and socially. The 'Godly
virtues' are 6, 8 or 10 in number, traditionally. Today we
will list 8.
1. Metta - boundless good will towards all living beings
2. Karuna - selfless compassion, motivation to free other
beings both human and animal from burdens and difficulties.
3. Mudita=sympathetic joy, enjoy the successes of others
without envy or remorse.
4. Upekkha - impartiality and fairness, also 'lovingly not
interfering while others learn to take responsibility for
themselves and their attitudes so that they learn about
karma in their own way.' With the Basis of the four mental
qualities, benefit can be generated for the welfare of
society:
5. Dana - donation or selfless giving, giving without any
expectation of personal gain. This may involve money, but
also time, energy, learning and knowledge.
6. Piyavaca - kindly speech, speech conducive to harmony
and understanding
7. Atthacariya - helpful actions, good works, helping with
social problems and promoting moral behaviour.
8. Samanattata - working for the common good, literally
'togetherness selflessness'.
This is the basis of Sangha and the Buddhist concept of
democracy and healthy community.
Sensei Ulrich
December 30, 1999
READ MORE OF SENSEI ULRICH'S
DHARMA TALKS..